Python打包成exe文件_详细操作

posted on 2023-05-21 18:30 read(1184) comment(0) like(5) collect(1)

Python is packaged into an exe file

foreword
1. Install pyinstaller
2. Python is packaged into an exe file (packaged with icons)
Reference: Command Explanation
Supplement: pyinstaller part of the installation problem is solved
- 3.1. Screenshot of the problem
- 3.2. Solution

foreword

I originally learned C\C++, this is my first article about python. Please take care of me!
As for why python is packaged into an exe file, it is because transferring the source file and source code to others requires a certain environment to be compiled before it can be compiled, and the packaged exe file can be opened and run like a computer software, and can also be shared with others. others. However, the packaged exe file is not very convenient to unpack, so it must be tested before packaging and released after packaging.
In terms of version control, try to choose the python3.6+32-bit version, because the win64-bit system is backward compatible with 32-bit programs. If you don’t consider the 32-bit system, it doesn’t matter. You can directly package the python64-bit version, but it can only run on the win64-bit system. .
Well, I will start with the installation of pyinstaller, then the packaging tutorial, and finally the command explanation.
PS: In this tutorial, we don’t use the small black window of the cmd command;
this tutorial uses: Windows PowerShell (X86),
remember to use: run as an administrator
. It is best to use pictures with the ico suffix, or download a format conversion. convert it yourself

1. Install pyinstaller

1.1 Install pyinstaller, use the installation command:

pip install pyinstaller

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1.2 If you need to update the version, please enter:

pip install --upgrade pyinstaller

1.3 Check whether it is installed correctly

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emmmmm seems to be installed,

1.4 Wait a moment, let the water flow;

There are many python packaging tools, and pyinstaller is recommended. This tool supports the use of windows and linux. Under Windows, a source file with a size of tens of kb may be tens of megabytes when packaged into an exe file. The reason is that the library files referenced by the program are also packaged together.

2. Python is packaged into an exe file (packaged with icons)

There are two ways to pack this time, choose according to your diligence!

2.1 The first method: cd to the specified folder to package and store

Step 1: Move to the specified folder where the exe file is stored

cd 文件夹路径
例子：cd C:\FILE2\python_file

Step 2: Pack and you're done (see the code)

pyinstaller -F -w -i 路径一(图标) 路径二(py文件)
例子：pyinstaller -F -w -i  D:\python_file\BindundunDemo\qt-logo.ico  D:\python_file\BindundunDemo\main.py

2.2 The second method: cd to the py source folder for packaging and storage

Step 1: Move to the source file

cd 文件夹路径
例子：cd C:\FILE2\python

Step 2: It's still packaged and it's done (see the code)

pyinstaller -F -w -i 图标名.后缀 源文件.py
例子：pyinstaller -F -w -i qt-logo.ico one.py

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2.3 Final effect

The exe file you generated is stored in the dist file, click to use it.

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So far, this tutorial is over!
There are also command explanations below, please taste carefully.

Reference: Command Explanation

Order	command full name	command explanation
-F	–onefile	Packaged into a single executable file, if your code is written in one .py file, you can use it, if there are multiple .py files, it is recommended not to use it.
-D	–onedir	Package multiple files and generate many dependent files in dist, which is suitable for writing tool code in the form of framework, which is easier to maintain. The default compilation is -D
-K	–tk	Include TCL/TK when deploying.
-a	–ascii	No encodings included. All encodings are included by default on versions of python that support Unicode.
-d	–debug	Generate a debug version of the executable
-In	–windowed,–noconsole	Execute using the Windows subsystem. Does not open a command line when the program starts (only works on Windows)
-c	–nowindowed,–console	Execute using the console subsystem (default) (only available on Windows)
-s	–strip	Executables and shared libraries will run through strip. Note that Cygwin's strip may make common win32 Dlls unusable
-X	–upx	If there is UPX installed (detected when executing Configure.py), the executable file will be compressed (as will the DLL in the Windows system).
-o DIR	–out=DIR	Specify the generation directory of the spec file. If not specified, and the current directory is the root directory of PyInstaller, a directory for output (spec and generated executable files) will be automatically created. If not specified, and the current directory is not the root of PyInstaller directory, it will output to the current directory.
-p DIR	–path=DIR	Set the import path (similar to using PYTHONPATH). You can use a path separator (Windows uses a semicolon, Linux uses a colon) to split and specify multiple directories. You can also use multiple -p parameters to set multiple import paths and let pyinstaller find the resources needed by the program by itself
-i <FILE.ICO>	–icon=<FILE.ICO>	Add file.ico as an executable file resource (only valid for Windows systems), change the icon of the program pyinstaller -i ico path xxxxx.py
–i <FILE.EXE, N>	–icon=<FILE.EXE, N>	Add the nth icon of file.exe as the resource of the executable file (only valid for Windows system)
-v FILE	–version=FILE	Use verfile as the version resource of the executable file (only valid for Windows systems)
-n NAME	–name=NAME	Optional project (generated spec's) name. If omitted, the main filename of the first script will be used as the name of the spec

Supplement: pyinstaller part of the installation problem is solved

3.1. Screenshot of the problem

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3.2. Solution

The solution is not difficult to operate as shown in the figure: (PS: This operation uses win11, which is roughly the same as the win10 operation method)

Oh yes! There is another problem, mine is the default installation location, I don't know if everyone is. The method should be roughly the same (PS: I haven’t tried it, someone will tell me in the comment area after trying it)
Operation steps: Find Advanced System Settings>Environment Variables>path (PS: Double-click it)>Add> and then operate as shown in the figure!

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